I just finished the December 2012 International Crisis Group report on conflict in Jos, a city in Plateau State in the middle of Nigeria. The report argues the conflict in Jos is a function of indigeneity rules that exclude non-indigenes (those who cannot trace their genealogy to the state) from political power and access to state resources like scholarship money and jobs. The report advocates for Plateau State to follow the lead of Sokoto State and replace indigeneity rules with residency rules, where people need “only” show that they have lived in the state for 5 years, and that stalled efforts for parallel change at the national level should re-start.
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The change in Sokoto State was big news (and was often pointed to by Muslims I spoke to as evidence of the state’s religious tolerance). Yet my sense is that non-indigenes, and particularly non-Muslim indigenes, remain targets of discrimination. The reforms the ICG proposes are useful, but not likely to be enough.
Yeah, though maybe over time reforms like the ones they suggest could change norms about exclusion in a positive way.